Practise IB Biology SL D4.3 by linking greenhouse gases to warming, feedback loops and biological impacts across ecosystems.
48 questions in this syllabus scope, with question parts counted together.
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The graph shows the correlation between atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and global temperature anomalies (deviations from mean global temperatures) since the industrial revolution to the year 2017.
Which statement explains the correlation between atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and temperature shown in the graph?
Carbon dioxide heats up the surface of the Earth.
More short wave radiation bounces back to space, causing warmer seasons.
Less long wave radiation can escape the atmosphere, heating up the Earth.
Less radiation is emitted by the Earth's surface, increasing seasonal fluctuations.
What results from global warming?
An increase in absorption of solar radiation decreases poleward shift of temperate species.
Release of carbon dioxide from the deep ocean causes decreased rates of decomposition.
Release of methane from melting permafrost causes a decrease in absorption of solar radiation.
Loss of snow and ice causes an increase in absorption of solar radiation.
Boreal forests stretch across Canada, Russia and Scandinavia. This northern ecosystem accounts for 29 % of the world's forest areas. The long, cold winters favour tall evergreen trees with either needles or scale-like leaves. These trees are wind-pollinated and their seeds are not enclosed in a fruit. The photograph shows a typical boreal forest in winter.
An increase in global temperatures poses a critical threat to boreal forests. Explain the consequences of climate change to this northern ecosystem.
Outline two possible consequences of global warming for organisms living in arctic ecosystems.
No public sample questions are available for this syllabus point yet.
The data shows how the hardiness zones in part of North America are predicted to change over the next 25 years. A hardiness zone is an area that has a certain average annual minimum temperature, a factor relevant to the survival of many plants. The lower the number, the more cold
resistant the plants must be.
What is a likely consequence of this change for tree species?
Tree species will spread northwards as climate changes.
Tree species that are not cold-resistant will decline.
There will be no change in the distribution of the tree species.
Tree species that currently live in the north will outcompete other tree species.
A study was done on the effect of heat stress on species of coral and their relationship with zooxanthellae algae.
The graphs show the effects of heat stress on the rates of photosynthesis in zooxanthellae and respiration of both organisms.
Global warming increases sea temperatures. Coral bleaching occurs at sea water temperatures above . Using the data in the graphs, explain the reasons for coral bleaching.
Which action will decrease carbon sequestration?
Afforestation
Primary production
Deforestation
Rewetting peatlands
Boreal forests stretch across Canada, Russia and Scandinavia. This northern ecosystem accounts for 29 % of the world's forest areas. The long, cold winters favour tall evergreen trees with either needles or scale-like leaves. These trees are wind-pollinated and their seeds are not enclosed in a fruit. The photograph shows a typical boreal forest in winter.
In some areas there are gaps in the boreal forest where trees fail to grow and peat tends to accumulate. Suggest reasons for this.
An increase in global temperatures poses a critical threat to boreal forests. Explain the consequences of climate change to this northern ecosystem.
