IB Biology HL A2.3 Viruses [HL only] Questions

Similarities: [2 max]

a. in both lambda attaches to bacterial/host cell;

b. both insert DNA into the bacterial/host cell

OR

both infect the bacterial/host cell;

c. both use the bacterial/host cell (pathways) to replicate their DNA;

Differences [2 max]

d. in lytic (cycle), the viral DNA is replicated independently/remains separate from the bacterial/host DNA AND in lysogenic (cycle), the viral DNA integrates with the bacterial/host DNA;

e. in lytic viral/virion assembly occurs AND in lysogenic it is delayed/dormant;

f. in lytic, the bacterial/host cell is then destroyed/bursts/lysed AND in lysogenic it is delayed/not destroyed;

Marking guidance:

a. the virus attaches to maltoporin/protein in the host/bacterium membrane;

b. the viral DNA/genome is integrated into a host/bacterium;

c. when the host DNA replicates/does mitosis, viral DNA is also replicated;

d. all daughter cells contain viral DNA/genetic material;

e. the inserted DNA is known as a prophage;

f. bacteriophage/prophage remains in dormant state in host/bacterium OR

later prophage may exit to initiate lytic cycle;